51. Essex C. Phytoestrogens and soy based infant formula. Br. Med. J. 1996;333:507 52. Evans B.A.J., Griffiths K., Morton M. S. Inhibition of 5[]-reductase in genital skin fibroblasts and prostate tissue by dietary lignans and isoflavonoids. J. Endocrinol. 1995;147:295-302 53. Ferrin M. The Menstrual Cycle: Physiology, Reproductive Disorders, and Infertility 1993 Oxford University Press New York, NY. 54. Fotsis T., Peper M., Adlercreutz H., Fleischmann G., Hase T., Montesano R., Schweigerer L. Genistein, a dietary derived inhibitor of angiogenesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1993;90:2690-2694 55. Franke A. A., Custer L. J. Daidzein and genistein concentrations in human milk after soy consumption. Clin. Chem. 1996;42:955-964 56. Gavaler J. S., Van Thiel D. H., Galvao-Teles A. Oestrogenic responses in normal postmenopausal women to administration of the phytoestrogens in bourbon whiskey. Hepatology 1991;14(Part 2):87a(abs.) 57. Gooderham M. J., Adlercreutz H. A., Ojala S. T., Wahala K., Holub B. J. A soy protein isolate rich in genistein and daidzein and its effects on plasma isoflavone concentrations, platelet aggregation blood lipids and fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids in normal men. J. Nutr. 1996;126:2000-2006 58. Henderson B. E., Ross R. K., Judd H. L., Krailo M. D., Pike M. C. Do regular ovulatory cycles increase breast cancer risk?. Cancer 1985;56:1206-1208 59. Hirayama T. A large scale cohort study on cancer risks by diet—with special reference to the risk reducing effects of green-yellow vegetable consumption. Hayashi Y. Nagao M. Sugimura T. Takayama S. Tomatis L. Wattenberg L.-W. Wogan G. N. eds. Diet, Nutrition and Cancer 1986:41-53 Tokyo/VNU Sci. Press Utrecht, Netherlands. 60. Hirohata T., Shigematsu T., Nomura A.M.Y., Horie A. Occurrence of breast cancer in relation to diet and reproductive history: a case-control study in Fukuoka, Japan. Natl. Cancer Inst Monogr. 1985;69:187-190 61. Ho S. C. Body measurements, bone mass and fractures—does the East differ from the West?. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res . 1996;323:75-80 62. Honore E. K., Williams J. K., Anthony M. S., Clarkson T. B. Soy isoflavones enhance coronary vascular reactivity in atherosclerotic female macaques. Fertil. Steril. 1997;67:148-154 63. Huggett A. C., Pridmore S., Malnoe A., Haschke F., Offord E. A. Phytoestrogens in soy-based infant formula. Lancet 1997;350:815-816 64. Ingram D., Sanders K., Kolybaba M., Lopez D. Case-control study of phyto-oestrogens and breast cancer. Lancet 1997;350:990-994 65. Irvine C., Fitzpatrick M., Robertson I., Woodhams D. The potential adverse effects of soybean isoflavones in infant feeding. N. Z. Med. J. 1995;108:208-209 66. Jaggers D. C., Collins W. P., Milligan S. R. Potent inhibitory effects of steroids in an in vitro model of angiogenesis. J. Endocrinol. 1996;150:457-464 67. Janas L., Ostrom K. M. Tolerance of soy formulas with reduced phytate/phytoestrogens fed to healthy term infants. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1998;68:1534S(abs.) 68. Joannou G. E., Kelly G. E., Reeder A. Y., Waring M. A., Nelson C. A urinary profile study of dietary phytoestrogens: The identification and mode of metabolism of new isoflavonoids. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 1995;54:167-184 69. Jordan V. C. The only true antioestrogen is a no oestrogen. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 1990;74:C91-C96 70. Jordan V. C. Tamoxifen: the herald of a new era of preventive therapeutics. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1997;89:747-749 71. Jordan V. C., Fritz N. F., Tormey D. C. Endocrine effects of adjuvant chemotherapy and long-term tamoxifen administration on node-positive patients with breast cancer. Cancer Res 1987;47:624-630 72. Kapiotis S., Hermann M., Held I., Seelos C., Erhinger H., Gmeiner B.M.K. Genistein, the dietary-derived angiogenesis inhibitor, prevents LDL oxidation and protects endothelial cells from damage by atherogenic LDL. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1997;17:2868-2874 73. Kelly G. E., Nelson C., Waring M. A., Joannou G. E., Reeder A. Y. Metabolites of dietary (soya) isoflavones in human urine. Clin. Chim. Acta 1993;223:9-22 74. Key T.J.A., Chen J., Wang D. Y., Pike M. C., Boreham J. Sex-hormones in women in rural China and in Britain. Br. J. Cancer 1990;62:631-636 75. Key T.J.A., Pike M. C. The role of estrogens and progesterones in the epidemiology and prevention of breast-cancer. Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol. 1988;24:29-43 76. Kim H., Peterson T. G., Barnes S. Mechanisms of action of the soy isoflavone genistein: emerging role of its effects through transforming growth factor beta signalling. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1998;68:1418S-1425S 77. Kirk E. A., Sutherland P., Wang S. A., Chait A., LeBoeuf R. C. Dietary isoflavones reduce plasma cholesterol and atherosclerosis in C57BL/6 mice but not LDL receptor-deficient mice. J. Nutr. 1998;128:954-959 78. Knight D. C., Eden J. A. A review of the clinical effects of phytoestrogen. Obstet. Gynecol. 1996;87:897-904 79. Kuiper G.G.J.M., Carlsson B., Grandien K., Enmark E., Haggblad J., Nilsson S., Gustafsson J. A. Comparison of the ligand binding specificity and transcript tissue distribution of estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Endocrinology 1997;138:863-870 80. Kuiper G.G.J.M., Enmark E., Peltohuikki M., Nilsson S., Gustaffson J.-A. Cloning of a novel estrogen receptor expressed in rat prostate and ovary. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1996;93:5925-5930 81. Kuiper G.G.J.M., Nilsson S., Gustaffson J.-A. Characteristics and function of the novel estrogen receptorß. O'Malley B. W. eds. Hormones and Signaling 1998;Vol. 1:89-112 Academic Press New York, NY. 82. Lamartiniere C. A., Moore J. B., Brown N. M., Thompson R., Hardin M. J., Barnes S. Genistein suppresses mammary cancer in rats. Carcinogenesis 1995;16:2833-2840 83. Leclerq G., Heuson J. C. Physiological and pharmacological effects of estrogens in breast cancer. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1979;560:427-455 84. Lee H. P., Gourley L., Duffy S. W., Esteve J., Lee J., Day N. E. Dietary effects on breast cancer risk in Singapore. Lancet 1991;337:1197-1200 85. Makela S., Poutanen M., Lehtimaki J., Kostian M. L., Santti R., Vihko R. Estrogen-specific 17ß-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase type 1 (E. C. 1.1.1.62) as a possible target for the action of phytoestrogens. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1995;208:51-59 86. Makela S. I., Pylkkanen L. H., Santti R.S.S., Adlercreutz H. Dietary soybean may be antiestrogenic in male mice. J. Nutr. 1995;125:437-445 87. Makela S. I., Santti R., Salo L., McLachlan J. A. Phytoestrogens are partial estrogen agonists in the adult male mouse. Environ. Health Perspect. 1995;103:123-127 88. Manolagas S. C., Jilka R. Bone marrow, cytokines and bone remodeling. N. Engl. J. Med. 1995;332:305-311 89. Mendelson C. R. Mechanism of steroid hormone action. Griffin J. E. Ojeda S. R. eds. Textbook of Endocrine Physiology 3rd ed. 1996:29-65 Oxford University Press New York, NY. 90. Messina M., Barnes S., Setchell K.D.R. (editorial) Phyto-oestrogens and breast cancer. Lancet 1997;350:971-972 91. Messina M. J., Persky V., Setchell K.D.R., Barnes S. Soy intake and cancer risk: a review of the in vivo and in vitro data. Nutr. Cancer 1994;21:113-131 92. Morton M. S., Chan P.S.F., Cheng C., Blacklock N., MatosFerreira A., AbranchesMonteiro L., Correia R., Lloyd S., Griffiths K. Lignans and isoflavonoids in plasma and prostatic fluid in men: samples from Portugal, Hong Kong, and the UK. Prostate 1997;32:122-128 93. Murkies A. L., Lombard C., Strauss B.J.G., Wilcox G., Burger H. G., Morton M. S. Dietary flour supplementation decreases postmenopasual hot flushes—effect of soy and wheat. Maturitas 1995;21:189-195 94. Murkies A. L., Wilcox G., Davis S. Phytoestrogens. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1998;83:297-303 95. Murphy P. A. Phytoestrogen content of processed soybean products. Food Technol 1982;34:60-64 96. Murrill W. B., Brown N., Zhang J.-X., Manzolillo P. A., Barnes S., Lamartiniere C. A. Prepubertal genistein exposure suppresses mammary cancer enhances gland differentiation in rats. Carcinogenesis 1996;17:1451-1457 97. Mykkanen H., Tikka J., Pitkanen T., Hanninen O. Fecal bacterial enzyme activities in infants increase with age and adoption of adult-type diet. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 1997;25:312-316 98. Nagata C., Takatsuka N., Kurisu Y., Shimizu H. Decreased serum total cholesterol concentration is associated with high intake of soy products in Japanese men and women. J. Nutr. 1998;128:209-213 99. Nomura A., Henderson B. E., Lee J. Breast cancer and diet among the Japanese in Hawaii. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1978;31:2020-2025 100. O'Brien T., Nguyen T. T. Lipids and lipoproteins in women. Mayo Clin. Proc. 1997;72:235-244 Remember we are NOT Doctors and have NO medical training. This site is like an Encylopedia - there are many pages, many links on many topics. Support our work with any size DONATION - see left side of any page - for how to donate. You can help raise awareness of CAM.